Abstract. Differential leveling is the process by which the elevation difference between points is measured directly. Levels are designed to project a horizontal plane by aligning a telpe at right angles to the vertical at the location of the instrument.
The first electronic level was invented in March 1990 as a brand-new leveling instrument that integrated electronic technology, encoding, image processing, and computer technologies, …
First, this paper reviews the current status of land-leveling implements, including dry-land and paddy-field leveling implements. Second, two precision land-leveling technologies, laser-controlled systems and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), are reviewed.
An electronic laser level consists of a laser emitter, a leveling mechanism, and a receiver. The laser emitter projects a laser beam onto a surface, creating a reference line. The leveling mechanism ensures that the laser beam remains level or plumb, even if the tool is on an uneven surface.
In this paper, using sinusoidal image breadth matching and geometrical position, we discuss a new decoding method for barcode staff of digital level and give the calculation formula.
Geometric levelling is the earliest but most mature method to achieve height transfer with high accuracy 1. Benefiting from the rigid regulation of operating, geometric levelling is the first...
In this article, electronic leveling and computer technology are discussed, by which angle of inclinations are automatically sampled at the same moment and automatically processed, so this method is easy, fast and economical.
The simulation experiment results demonstrate that the leveling algorithm and automatic leveling control scheme are correct and feasible, and could improve the leg leveling speed, accuracy and automation level of military bridge equipment.
Geometric levelling is the earliest but most mature method to achieve height transfer with high accuracy 1. Benefiting from the rigid regulation of operating, geometric …
An ISOBUS-Networked Electronic Self-Leveling Controller for the Front-End Loader of an Agricultural Tractor. Chang-Joo Lee, H. Kim, +2 authors D. Choi. Published2017. Engineering, …
In this article, electronic leveling and computer technology are discussed, by which angle of inclinations are automatically sampled at the same moment and automatically processed, so …
Abstract. Differential leveling is the process by which the elevation difference between points is measured directly. Levels are designed to project a horizontal plane by …
New measurements (from optical to electronic) and new techniques (from angle measurement to phase and time and time-difference measurement of electromagnetic signals) and new instrumentation with increased accuracy (from meters to cm and mm at long distances) and capabilities (integration with Geographic Information Systems) have been emerged ...
The first electronic level was invented in March 1990 as a brand-new leveling instrument that integrated electronic technology, encoding, image processing, and computer technologies, and marked the direction for development of leveling instruments.
New measurements (from optical to electronic) and new techniques (from angle measurement to phase and time and time-difference measurement of electromagnetic signals) …
The aim of this study is to analyse height differences obtained from these three techniques using precise digital level and digital level, total station (trigonometric levelling) and GPS which collects phase and code observations (GPS levelling). The accuracies of these methods are analysed.
The aim of this study is to analyse height differences obtained from these three techniques using precise digital level and digital level, total station (trigonometric levelling) and GPS which collects phase and code observations (GPS …
An electronic laser level consists of a laser emitter, a leveling mechanism, and a receiver. The laser emitter projects a laser beam onto a surface, creating a reference line. The leveling mechanism ensures that the …